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 Honed barrel of heavy wall seamless steel tube with fully welded end cap which forms the base of the cylinder (cap end). Heavy wall U.N. O-ring ports are welded to the barrel. Cylinder head, precision machined from high strength nodular cast iron. This design allows low frictional resistance, combined with increased bearing area support. This design also allows for easy maintenance of the seals in the field or in the workshop with the use of "C" spanner slots. The piston rod is made from medium carbon steel, hard chromed and ground for a very durable and lasting sliding surface. Stainless steel rods are available on request, recommended where hydraulic cylinders are exposed to the weather or corrosive environments. High grade cast iron (or phosphor bronze) piston fitted with two single acting seals, held in place on the piston rod with a high tensile nut. Self energised seals of durable and high quality nitrile polyurethane elastomers.  The term "Cushioning" refers to optional cylinder arrangements that is often installed at either or both ends of a cylinder that decreases the piston rod's velocity. As the piston nears the cushioned end oil flow is progressively restricted through an adjustable metering orifice, preventing the piston from "hammering" the end caps. By slowing the rod's velocity cylinder cushioning is only effective as the piston approaches either the fully open or fully closed positions. If velocity conrol is required for intermediate positions, this must be accomplished externally by suitable system design. Cushioning is designed to properly cushion the cylinder and is not intended to cushion large inertia loads.
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